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Table 181-4

Drugs and Other Substances that Can Cause Seizures

Alkylating agents (e.g., busulfan, chlorambucil)
Antimalarials (chloroquine, mefloquine)
Antimicrobials/antivirals
β-lactam and related compounds
Quinolones
Acyclovir
Isoniazid
Ganciclovir
Anesthetics and analgesics
Meperidine
Fentanyl
Tramadol
Local anesthetics
Dietary supplements
Ephedra (ma huang)
Gingko
Immunomodulatory drugs
Cyclosporine
OKT3 (monoclonal antibodies to T cells)
Tacrolimus
Interferons
Psychotropics
Antidepressants (e.g., bupropion)
Antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine)
Lithium
Radiographic contrast agents
Drug withdrawal
Alcohol
Baclofen
Barbiturates (short-acting)
Benzodiazepines (short-acting)
Zolpidem
Drugs of abuse
Amphetamine
Cocaine
Phencyclidine
Methylphenidate
Flumazenila

aIn benzodiazepine-dependent patients.