- Infectious diseases
- Viral-infectious mononucleosis syndromes (EBV, CMV), infectious hepatitis, herpes simplex, herpesvirus 6, varicella-zoster virus, rubella, measles, adenovirus, HIV, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, vaccinia, herpesvirus 8
- Bacterial-streptococci, staphylococci, cat-scratch disease, brucellosis, tularemia, plague, chancroid, melioidosis, glanders, tuberculosis, atypical mycobacterial infection, primary and secondary syphilis, diphtheria, leprosy
- Fungal-histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis
- Chlamydial-lymphogranuloma venereum, trachoma
- Parasitic-toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, filariasis
- Rickettsial-scrub typhus, rickettsialpox, Q fever
- Immunologic diseases
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
- Mixed connective tissue disease
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Dermatomyositis
- Sjögren's syndrome
- Serum sickness
- Drug hypersensitivity-diphenylhydantoin, hydralazine, allopurinol, primidone, gold, carbamazepine, etc.
- Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy
- Primary biliary cirrhosis
- Graft-versus-host disease
- Silicone-associated
- Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
- IgG4-related disease
- Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)
- Malignant diseases
- Hematologic-Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms, amyloidosis
- Metastatic-from numerous primary sites
- Lipid storage diseases-Gaucher's, Niemann-Pick, Fabry, Tangier
- Endocrine diseases-hyperthyroidism
- Other disorders
- Castleman's disease (giant lymph node hyperplasia)
- Sarcoidosis
- Dermatopathic lymphadenitis
- Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease)
- Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease)
- Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki's disease)
- Familial Mediterranean fever
- Severe hypertriglyceridemia
- Vascular transformation of sinuses
- Inflammatory pseudotumor of lymph node
- Congestive heart failure
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