Etiologies of Atrioventricular Block | |
Autonomic | |
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity | Vasovagal |
Metabolic/Endocrine | |
Hyperkalemia | Hypothyroidism |
Hypermagnesemia | Adrenal insufficiency |
Drug-Related | |
Beta blockers | Adenosine |
Calcium channel blockers | Antiarrhythmics (class I and III) |
Digitalis | Lithium |
Infectious | |
Endocarditis | Tuberculosis |
Lyme disease | Diphtheria |
Chagas' disease | Toxoplasmosis |
Syphilis | |
Heritable/Congenital | |
Congenital heart disease | Kearns-Sayre syndrome |
Maternal SLE | Myotonic dystrophy and other muscular dystrophies |
Inflammatory | |
SLE | MCTD |
Rheumatoid arthritis | Scleroderma |
Infiltrative | |
Amyloidosis | Hemochromatosis |
Sarcoidosis | |
Neoplastic/Traumatic | |
Lymphoma | Radiation |
Mesothelioma | Catheter ablation |
Melanoma | |
Degenerative | |
Lev's disease | Lenègre's disease |
Coronary Artery Disease | |
Acute MI |
Abbreviations: MCTD, mixed connective tissue disease; MI, myocardial infarction.