Renal Diseases Associated with Monoclonal Immunoglobulins | |
| DISEASE | NOTES |
|---|---|
| Cast nephropathy | Most common cause of CKD in myeloma |
| Tubular obstruction with light chains | |
| Interstitial inflammation | |
| Acute or chronic renal failure | |
| Light chain deposition disease | Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure, ∼40% have associated myeloma |
| Heavy chain deposition disease | Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure |
| Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease | Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure |
| AL amyloidosis | Nephrotic syndrome, cardiac/endocrine/neuropathic involvement |
| ∼10% have associated myeloma | |
| Renal tubular dysfunction (RTA, nephrogenic DI, etc.) | |
| Hypercalcemia | With myeloma |
| Hyperviscosity syndrome | With Waldenström's macroglobulinemia |
| Fanconi syndrome | Glucosuria, aminoaciduria, phosphaturia, ± hypouricemia, proximal RTA, etc. |
Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; DI, diabetes insipidus; RTA, renal tubular acidosis.