Endocrine/Metabolic (Antigout)
PREGNANCY RECOMMENDATION:Limited Human Data—No Relevant Animal Data
BREASTFEEDING RECOMMENDATION:Probably Compatible
A few reports describing the use of probenecid in human pregnancy have been located. From the Michigan Medicaid Surveillance study, 11 (3.2%) major birth anomalies in 339 first-trimester exposures were reported. No pattern to the defects was seen. The drug crosses the placenta, so some fetal exposure will occur. However, this limited human pregnancy experience prevents a complete assessment of the embryofetal risk. No animal reproduction studies have been located. Using this drug during pregnancy should be based on the pros and cons of the mother’s clinical need for treatment versus any potential fetal risk that might occur from exposure.
Probenecid has been shown to be excreted into human breast milk. Mean breast milk concentration for the drug in a mother using 500 mg, 4 times per day, was about 0.964 mcg/mL. The calculated RID was less than 1%. Breastfeeding while using this drug should be based on the mother’s clinical need for treatment versus any potential infant risks that might occur. If used, the infant should be monitored for the most common reported adult side effects of headache, dizziness, nausea, sore gums, pruritus, and costovertebral pain (all leading to irritability), vomiting, anorexia (monitor infant growth), urinary frequency, rash, flushing, and various laboratory abnormalities
See PI
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