The Four Stages of Distraction Flexion Injuries.

(From SchoenfeldAJ, LeHV, BonoCM. Cervical spine fractures and dislocations. In: TornettaP III, RicciWM, OstrumRF, et al., eds. Rockwood and Green’s Fractures in Adults. Vol 2. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2020:1817–1899.)