High-risk type of surgery | Yes No |
History of ischemic heart disease | Yes No |
History of congestive heart failure | Yes No |
History of Cerebrovascular disease | Yes No |
Preoperative treatment with insulin | Yes No |
Preoperative serum creatinine >2.0 mg/dL | Yes No |
This 1999 study looked at cardiac complications that occurred in patients aged 50 years or over undergoing elective major noncardiac procedures at a tertiary-care teaching hospital.
Cardiac complications recorded included:
6 independent predictors of cardiac complications for elective major noncardiac procedures were identified.
* Ischemic heart disease defined as presence of history of myocardial infarction, current angina, current use of nitrates, positive exercise stress test or EKG with pathologic Q waves
** CHF defined as history of diagnosis of congestive heart failure, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, pulmonary edema, S3 or Crackles on examination, or CXR with vascular redistribution consistent with CHF
Each item present is scored 1 point.
In the validation cohort, the rates of cardiac complications were:
Reference: