Author(s): Taylor A. Woo-Sekizaki, Ion A. Hobai

Patients with liver disease, especially those with liver failure, pose some of the most complex challenges for anesthesiologists due to the multisystem comorbidities associated with the condition. The reported mortality rates for patients with cirrhosis undergoing various elective, noncardiac, and nontransplant surgical procedures range from 6% to 27%, compared to just 1.1% for noncirrhotic patients.