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Table 7-1

Characteristics of Anxiety Levels

LevelCharacteristics
Mild
  • Enhanced ability to deal with stressors
  • Heightened awareness, problem-solving abilities; increased attention to details
  • Curiosity increased, asks questions
  • Alert, confident
  • Logical thinking intact
Moderate
  • Hesitation and procrastination, blocking loss of train of thought
  • Narrowing of perceptual field
  • Change in voice pitch; speech rate accelerates
  • Selective inattention
  • Frequent change in topics
  • Repetitive questioning, joking
  • Increased respiratory rate, heart rate, muscle tension
  • Dry mouth
  • Palpitations
  • Changing body positions frequently, restlessness
  • Purposeless activity (wringing hands, pacing)
Severe
  • Highly distorted perceptual and cognitive function
  • Focus on small or scattered detail, inability to see connections between events
  • Selective inattention, inability to concentrate
  • Fear of losing control
  • Purposeless activity (pacing, wringing hands)
  • Difficult and inappropriate verbalizations, inability to learn
  • Sense of impending doom
  • Sweating
  • Hyperventilation, tachycardia, frequency and urgency
  • Nausea, headache, dizziness
  • Gross motor tremors, trembling, shaking
  • Numbness or tingling sensations
  • Dilated pupils
Panic
  • Dyspnea, choking feeling, chest pain
  • Extreme discomfort, emotional pain
  • Unrealistic, distorted perception of situation
  • Disruption of visual field, distortion and enlargement of detail
  • Inability to speak, unintelligible communication, incoherent speech
  • Vomiting, incontinence
  • Feeling of personality disintegration
  • Fear of losing mind, fear of dying