Chloramphenicol sodium succinate is available as a lyophilized powder in vials containing the equivalent of chloramphenicol 1 g as the sodium succinate salt.3937 The manufacturer recommends reconstitution with 10 mL of an aqueous diluent such as water for injection or dextrose 5% to yield a solution containing 100 mg/mL (10%) of chloramphenicol.3937
pH
From 6.4 to 7.6
Osmolality
Chloramphenicol sodium succinate 100 mg/mL in sterile water for injection has an osmolality of 533 mOsm/kg as determined by freezing-point depression.1071
The osmolality of chloramphenicol sodium succinate 1 g was calculated for the following dilutions:1054
| Osmolality (mOsm/kg) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Diluent | 50 mL | 100 mL |
| Dextrose 5% | 341 | 303 |
| Sodium chloride 0.9% | 368 | 330 |
The osmolality of chloramphenicol sodium succinate (Parke-Davis) 20 mg/mL was determined to be 330 mOsm/kg in dextrose 5% and 344 mOsm/kg in sodium chloride 0.9%. At 50 mg/mL, the osmolality was determined to be 417 and 422 mOsm/kg, respectively.1375
The following maximum chloramphenicol sodium succinate concentrations were recommended to achieve osmolalities suitable for peripheral infusion in fluid-restricted patients:1180
| Diluent | Maximum Concentration (mg/mL) | Osmolality (mOsm/kg) |
|---|---|---|
| Dextrose 5% | 71 | 554 |
| Sodium chloride 0.9% | 64 | 538 |
| Sterile water for injection | 128 | 473 |
Sodium Content
Chloramphenicol sodium succinate contains 52 mg (2.25 mEq) of sodium per gram of drug.3937
Chloramphenicol sodium succinate injection at a chloramphenicol concentration of 100 mg/mL may be administered by direct intravenous injection over at least 1 minute.3937
Intact vials should be stored at controlled room temperature.3937 The reconstituted solution is stable for 30 days at room temperature.6 Cloudy solutions should not be used.4
pH Effects
Chloramphenicol is stable over a pH range of 2 to 7, with maximum stability at pH 6.1072 Chloramphenicol activity was retained for 24 hours at pH 3.6 to 7.5 in dextrose 5%.6
Sorption
Chloramphenicol sodium succinate was shown not to exhibit sorption to PVC bags and tubing, polyethylene tubing, Silastic tubing, and polypropylene syringes.536; 606
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