= CEREBRAL HEMIATROPHY = INFANTILE / CONGENITAL HEMIPLEGIA = SYNDROME OF HEMICONVULSIONS, HEMIPLEGIA, AND EPILEPSY

= unilateral cerebral atrophy with ipsilateral small skull

Cause: insult to immature brain resulting in neuronal loss + impaired brain growth:

1. prenatal: congenital malformation, infection, vascular insult
2. perinatal: birth trauma, anoxia, hypoxia, intracranial hemorrhage
3. postnatal: trauma, tumor, infection, prolonged febrile seizures

Age: presents in adolescence

• seizures, mental retardation
• hemiparesis (typically spastic hemiplegia)
• unilateral thickening of skull
• unilateral decrease in size of cranial fossa
• unilateral overdevelopment of sinuses
• contraction of a hemisphere / lobe
• compensatory enlargement of adjacent ventricle + sulci with midline shift