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Differential Diagnosis of Musculoskeletal Disorders

  1. CONSTITUTIONAL
    1. Familial
    2. IUGR
  2. METABOLIC
    1. Hypopituitarism
    2. Hypothyroidism
    3. Hypogonadism (Turner syndrome)
    4. Cushing disease, steroid therapy
    5. Diabetes mellitus
    6. Rickets
    7. Malnutrition
    8. Irradiation of brain (for cerebral tumor / ALL)
  3. SYSTEMIC DISEASE
    1. Congenital heart disease
    2. Renal disease
    3. GI disease: celiac disease, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis
    4. Anemia
    5. Bone marrow transplantation (<5 years of age)
  4. SYNDROMES
    1. Trisomies
    2. Noonan disease
    3. Cornelia-de-Lange syndrome
    4. Cleidocranial dysplasia
    5. Lesch-Nyhan disease
    6. Metatropic dwarfism