Pattern of independent performance of daily living activities, which can be strengthened

• Patient's perception of adequacy of self-care
• Patient's attitude toward use of health care services
• Self-care abilities, including knowledge and use of adaptive equipment, preparation of equipment and supplies, and technical and mechanical skills
• Neurologic status, including cognition, communication ability, insight or judgment, level of consciousness, memory, sensory and motor ability, and orientation
• Psychosocial status, including coping mechanisms, family members, lifestyle, patient's perceptions of self, and personality

• Desires to enhance bathing competence
• Desires to enhance dressing competence
• Desires to enhance feeding competence
• Desires to enhance grooming competence
• Desires to enhance toileting competence

• Patient will demonstrate positive decision-making toward maximizing potential for self-care.
• Patient will express satisfaction with independence in assuming responsibility for planning self-care.
• Patient and family members will involve staff, family, and community in developing strategies for self-care.
• Patient will monitor self-care measures taken for effectiveness and make alterations as needed.

Suggested NOC Outcomes

• Assess patient's satisfaction with level of self-care to support general well-being.
• Assess current ability to provide self-care to establish a baseline.
• Assess effectiveness of self-care measures to identify the need for adjustments.
• Assist patient in developing plan to promote autonomous decision-making to increase patient's responsibility for facilitating care.
• Provide information that supports implementation of a program to sustain health-seeking behavior to promote patient autonomy in self-care.
• Encourage health team, family, and community efforts to participate in patient's self-care initiatives to promote satisfactory mutual goal setting and group efforts.
• Encourage patient and his or her family to participate in support networks that promote patient independence where possible to promote patient and family resilience.
• Develop a referral list for community resources to promote patient's enhanced self-care.

Suggested NIC Interventions

• Patient meets self-care needs.
• Patient expresses awareness of need to maintain independence in health management.
• Patient makes positive decisions to maximize self-care abilities.
• Patient expresses satisfaction with independence in self-care.
• Patient develops and maintains a plan for enhanced self-care.
• Patient involves staff, family, and community in developing strategies for self-care.
• Patient monitors self-care and changes needed.

• Patient's expression of self-care needs
• Observations of patient's impaired ability to perform self-care activities
• Interventions to provide supportive care
• Patient's response to nursing interventions
• Evaluations for expected outcomes

• Jeong, H. W., & So, H. S. (2018). Structural equation modeling of self-care behaviors in kidney transplant patients based on self-determination theory. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 48(6), 731-742. doi:10.4040/jkan.2018.48.6.731
• Nadrian, H., Shojafard, J., Mahmoodi, H., Rouhi, Z., & Rezaeipandari, H. (2018). Cognitive determinants of self-care behaviors among patients with heart failure: A path analysis. Health Promotion Perspectives, 8(4), 275-282. doi:10.15171/hpp.2018.39
• Shad, F. S., Rahnama, M., Abdollahimohammad, A., Ahmadi, S., & Sima, D. (2018). An investigation into the impact of Orem's self-care program on life satisfaction in hemodialysis patients: A clinical trial study. Medical-Surgical Nursing Journal, 7(4), 1-6. doi:10.5812/msnj.88795