History of urinary tract disease, trauma, surgery, or previous urethral infection
Age
Gender
Vital signs
Genitourinary status, including characteristics of urine, excretory urography, pain or discomfort, palpation of bladder, urinalysis, and voiding patterns
Catheter placement, including securing devices
Psychosocial status, including coping skills, patient's perception of health problem, self-concept (body image), family members, and stressors
Expected Outcomes⬆⬇
Patient will not experience injury from urinary catheter.
Patient will voice no discomfort with catheter placement.
Patient will voice understanding of treatment.
Patient will have few, if any, complications.
Patient will discuss impact of urologic disorder on self and family members.
Patient will demonstrate skill in managing urinary elimination problem.
Administer appropriate catheter care and monitoring of secure device. Appropriate care prevents complications and alerts health care team to developing problems.
Monitor patency of indwelling urinary catheter. Keep tubing free from kinks and keep drainage bag below the level of the bladder to avoid urine reflux.
Clean the urinary meatus according to the established policy and maintain a closed drainage system to prevent skin irritation and bacteriuria.
Secure the catheter to patient's leg (female) or abdomen (male); avoid tension on the sphincter. Anchoring the catheter avoids straining the trigone muscle of the bladder and prevents friction leading to inflammation.
Only use urinary catheters as necessary. Discontinue catheter if patient is able to void spontaneously. Decreased time of use prevents injury and infection.
Do not overfill retention balloon of indwelling catheters. Overfilling can lead to pressure on the bladder floor.
For intermittent catheterization, catheterize patient using clean or sterile technique. These measures prevent infection and help maintain integrity of ureterovesical function.
For intermittent catheterization, consider using bladder scan. Determines if catheterization is necessary.
Patient does not experience injury from urinary catheter.
Patient reports no discomfort with catheter placement.
Patient reports understanding of treatment and self-catheterization.
Patient has no complications.
Patient is able to discuss impact of urologic disorder on self and family members.
Patient demonstrates skill in managing urinary elimination problem.
Documentation⬆⬇
Observations of urologic condition and response to treatment regimen
Catheter placement and patency of securing devices
Need for continued use of catheter
Interventions to provide supportive care and patient's response
Instructions given to patient and family members on urologic problem, response to instructions, and demonstrated ability to manage patient's urinary elimination needs
Patient's expression of concern about urologic problem and its impact on body image and lifestyle; patient's motivation to participate in self-care
Evaluations for expected outcomes
Reference(s)⬆
Davis, N. F., Cunnane, E. M., Mooney, R. O., Forde, J. C., & Walsh, M. T. (2018). Clinical evaluation of a safety-device to prevent urinary catheter inflation related injuries. Urology, 115(1), 179-183. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2018.02.026
Greenberg, J. A., Grazul-Bilska, A. T., Webb, B. T., Sun, X., & Vonnahme, K. A. (2017). A preliminary evaluation of ovine bladder mucosal damage associated with 2 different indwelling urinary catheters. Urology, 110(1), 248-252. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2017.08.020
Matsuo, K., Hom, M. S., Machida, H., Shabalova, A., Mostofizadeh, S., Takiuchi, T., & Muderspach, L. I. (2017). Incidence of urinary tract injury and utility of routine cystoscopy during total laparoscopic hysterectomy for endometrial cancer. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, 213, 141-142. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.03.027
Wong, J. M. K., Bortoletto, P., Tolentino, J., Jung, M. J., & Milad, M. P. (2018). Urinary tract injury in gynecologic laparoscopy for benign indication: A systematic review. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 131(1), 100-108. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000002414