Assess patient's physical symptoms of pain, physical complaints, and daily activities. Knowing patterns is essential in developing a pain management plan.
Administer pain medication, as prescribed. Monitor and record the effectiveness and adverse effects of medication. (Keep in mind that pain behavior and pain talk may be inconsistent.) Medicating pain before it is out of control fosters better pain management.- Provide instruction about amount of pain medication needed to control symptoms and allow the patient to remain active. Teaching patient about medications may help increase the accuracy of dosage necessary to provide pain relief.
- Develop a behavior-oriented care plan; for instance, set up a plan to follow the activity schedule. Behavioral-cognitive measures can help patient modify learned pain behaviors.
- Teach patient how to use relaxation techniques, guided imagery, massage, or music therapy to relieve pain. These methods work as an adjunct to medications, increase self-help, and foster independence.
- Teach patient and family members techniques such as massage, application of ice, and exercise to relieve pain and foster independence.
Work closely with patient, patient's family, and staff to achieve pain management goals and maximize patient's cooperation.- Encourage self-care activities. Develop a schedule. This helps patient gain a sense of control and reduces dependence on caregivers and society.
Suggested NIC Interventions
Analgesic Administration; Coping Enhancement; Guided Imagery; Mood Management; Positioning; Relaxation Therapy |