- Plain radiography (limited role in evaluation of liver disease)
- Ultrasonography (primary screening test for hepatic parenchymal disease and extrahepatic disease)
- Computed tomography (supplements scanning ultrasonography)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (evaluation of hepatobiliary disease)
- Need a 20-second breath hold that may require sedation or anesthesia in young or uncooperative patients
- Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (determine the site and cause of biliary obstruction)
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: u
- Uses endoscopy to visualize the ampule of Vater and selectively inject contrast material into the pancreatic and common bile ducts
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