| Clinical | Radiographic | Spiral Computed Tomography | Ultrasonography |
|---|---|---|---|
| Increased arterial pressure and pulse amplitude in upper extremities Decreased arterial pressure and pulse amplitude in lower extremities Absent or weak left radial artery pulse Osler's sign: discrepancy between left and right arm blood pressure Retrosternal or interscapular pain Hoarseness Systolic flow murmur over the precordium or medial to the left scapula Neurologic deficits in the lower extremities | Widened mediastinum Blurring of the aortic contours Widened paraspinal interfaces Left apical cap Opacified aortopulmonary window Broadened paratracheal stripe Displacement of the left mainstem bronchus Displaced SVC Rightward deviation of the esophagus and trachea Nasogastric tube shift Left hemothorax Sternal and/or upper rib fractures Lung contusion Pneumothorax | Mediastinal hematoma Aortic wall irregularity Intimal flap False aneurysm Pseudocoarctation Intramural hematoma Intraluminal clot or medial flap | Intimal flap Turbulent flow Dilated aortic isthmus Acute false aneurysm Intraluminal medial flap Hemothorax Hemomediastinum |
SVC = superior vena cava.