Approximately 75% of the hospital mortality from high-energy trauma (motor vehicle accidents falls, gunshot and stab wounds) occurs within 48 hours after admission, most commonly from central nervous system (CNS), thoracic, abdominal, retroperitoneal, or vascular injuries (Capan LM, Miller SM, Gingrich K. Trauma and burns. In: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK, Cahalan MK, Ortega R, Stock MC, eds.Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013:1490–1534). CNS injury and hemorrhage are the most common causes of early trauma mortality. Nearly one third of these patients die within the first 4 hours after admission, representing the majority of operating room (OR) trauma deaths. Of the hospital deaths, 5% to 10% occur between the third and seventh days of admission, usually from CNS injuries, and the rest occur in subsequent weeks, most commonly as a result of multiorgan failure.