Occipital nerve compression, where trigger tenderness can be found at the point where the nerve exits the cranial base and the pain follows its innervation boundaries
Giant cell arteritis where a palpable temporal artery can be found in physical examination, often unilateral Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis, in laboratory tests SR often elevated.
Brain tumour, the symptoms and signs of which often include morning nausea, progressively worsening headache, abnormal findings in physical examination Brain and Spinal Cord Tumours
Imaging
Imaging of the head is indicated only if the neurological status is abnormal or if a suspicion of a severe disease arises.
Indications for head computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in headache
Suspicion of subarachnoidal haemorrhage
Progressively worsening headache
Recurring or continuous vomiting associated with the headache
Abnormal neurological status in association with headache
Headache occurring only in connection with coughing or physical exertion
An episode of unconsciousness associated with the headache
Position-dependent headache
An endocrine disturbance associated with the headache
Neurofibromatosis in the patient's history or in his/her family history
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Linde K, Allais G, Brinkhaus B et al. Acupuncture for the prevention of tension-type headache. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;(4):CD007587. [PubMed]
Veys L, Derry S, Moore RA. Ketoprofen for episodic tension-type headache in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;(9):CD012190. [PubMed]
Banzi R, Cusi C, Randazzo C et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) for the prevention of tension-type headache in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015;(5):CD011681. [PubMed]