Central serous retinopathy (CSR, also known as central serous chorioretinopathy, CSCR) causes painless reduction of visual acuity due to accumulation of fluid underneath the retina.
Typically a disease of the young and middle-aged, often associated with high stress exposure
In the acute form of the disease, no treatment is usually necessary (good spontaneous healing tendency).
The chronic form may cause permanent visual damage; laser treatment or pharmacotherapy should be considered.
The patients should be treated by an ophthalmologist.
Incidence
The fifth most common retinal disease
Six times more common in men than in women
Risk factors
Stress
Imbalance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Hypertension
Exogenous and endogenous glucocorticoids
Heredity
Symptoms and findings
Reduced visual acuity
Distortion of text and lines (metamorphopsia)
Change of refractive power towards hyperopia (need for increased plus power in glasses)
Visual field defect
Disturbances of colour vision
Often unilateral but may be bilateral
Distortion or blurring on Amsler chart
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the ocular fundus showing fluid accumulation underneath the retina