A Cochrane review [Abstract] 1 included 39 studies with a total of 4 435 subjects. Nasal antibiotics compared with placebo or no treatment did not reduce infection rate or catheter removal T1. Neither did oral, topical or intraperitoneal antibiotics T2 or topical disinfectants T3 reduce infections or catheter removals. . Antifungal prophylaxis with oral nystatin/fluconazole compared with placebo/no treatment may reduce the risk of fungal peritonitis occurring after a patient has had an antibiotic course (2 studies, 817 patients, low quality evidence: RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.63).
| Outcome | Relative effect (95% CI) | Assumed risk - Control- Placebo or no treatment | Risk with intervention (95% CI) | No of participants(studies) Quality of evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peritonitis (number of patients with one or more episodes) | RR 0.94 (0.67 to 1.31) | 331 per 1000 | 311 per 1000(222 to 434) | 338 (3) Low |
| Exit-site/tunnel infection (number of patients with one or more episodes) | RR 1.34 (0.62 to 2.87) | 188 per 1000 | 252 per 1000(117 to 540) | 338 (3) Low |
| Catheter removal or replacement (number of patients) | RR 0.92 (0.48 to 1.78) | 265 per 1000 | 244 per 1000(127 to 472) | 289 (2) Low |
| Outcome | Relative effect (95% CI) | Assumed risk - Control- Placebo or no treatment | Risk with intervention (95% CI) | No of participants(studies) Quality of evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peritonitis (number of patients with one or more episodes) | RR 0.82 (0.57 to 1.19) | 385 per 1000 | 316 per 1000(219 to 458) | 395 (5) Low |
| Exit-site/tunnel infection (number of patients with one or more episodes) | RR 0.45 (0.19 to 1.04) | 231 per 1000 | 104 per 1000(44 to 240) | 191 (3) Low |
| Catheter removal or replacement (number of patients) | RR 0.82 (0.46 to 1.46) | 156 per 1000 | 128 per 1000(72 to 228) | 395 (5) Low |
| Outcome | Relative effect (95% CI) | Assumed risk - Control- Placebo or no treatment | Risk with intervention (95% CI) | No of participants(studies) Quality of evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peritonitis (number of patients with one or more episodes) | RR 0.83 (0.65 to 1.06) | 152 per 1000 | 126 per 1000(99 to 161) | 853 (6) Low |
| Exit-site/tunnel infection (number of patients with one or more episodes) | RR 0.97 (0.74 to 1.27) | 222 per 1000 | 215 per 1000(164 to 282) | 913 (7) Low |
| Catheter removal or replacement (number of patients) | RR 0.89 (0.57 to 1.38) | 93 per 1000 | 83 per 1000(53 to 128) | 792 (6) Low |
Comment: The quality of evidence is downgraded by limitations in study quality (unclear allocation concealment and blinding, incomplete outcome reporting, and selective outcome reporting).
Primary/Secondary Keywords