Neuropsychiatric effects | Euphoria |
Motor restlessness, trismus and bruxism, convulsions |
Anxiety, sleeplessness |
Anorexia |
Confusion, agitation and delirium |
Hallucinations, and paranoia, in particular |
Headache |
Sympathomimetic effects | Tachycardia, other arrhythmias, hypertension |
Mydriasis |
Sweating |
Tachypnoea |
Tremor |
Nausea |
Vasospasms, acute coronary syndrome |
Cerebrovascular disturbances |
Arterial dissection |
Activation of the serotonin system | A feeling of unity and empathy |
Raised body temperature, even thermoplegia |
Hyperthermia
- Particularly the phenethylamines ecstasy (MDMA), PMA and PMMA
|
Other possible effects and findings | Cocaine increases platelet aggregation and as a local anaesthetic blocks sodium channels.
- Causes myocardial hypoxia, arrhythmias and convulsions, for instance, more readily than amphetamines do.
- In the case of massive cocaine overdose, local anaesthetic poisoning
|
Rhabdomyolysis |
Hyponatraemia |
Hyperglycaemia |
Kidney and/or liver failure |
Pulmonary oedema of non-cardiac origin |
Metabolic acidosis |
Ischaemic colitis |
Blood coagulation disorders (DIC) |
Obstetric complications, such as miscarriage |
Withdrawal symptoms | No physical withdrawal symptoms |
Tiredness, fatigue and depression may occur. |