Infection | Mode of transmission | Incubation period | Recommended period of exclusion to prevent infections |
---|---|---|---|
COVID-19 | Droplet, possibly aerosol | 2-4 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Enteroviruses | Droplet or faecal-oral | 3-6 days | For the duration of symptoms; faecal excretion of the virus may continue for several weeks but exclusion will be of no use. |
Hepatitis A | Faecal-oral | 15-50 days | 1 week from the onset of symptoms |
Herpes simplex | Contact | 2 days to 2 weeks | Primary infection: for the duration of symptoms; recurrent infection: no exclusion |
Whooping cough | Droplet | 5-21 days | 5 days from the beginning of macrolide treatment. If symptoms have continued for more than 21 days at the time of diagnosis, no exclusion is needed. |
Influenza A and B | Droplet, possibly aerosol | 1-4 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Human pinworm | Contact | 1-2 months | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Meningococcus | Droplet | 1-10 days | Exclusion for a minimum of 24 h from the beginning of treatment. For close contacts, a single prophylactic dose to limit spread:
|
Mononucleosis | Contact, particularly with saliva | 30-50 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
MRSA or ESBL carriers | Contact | Exclusion will be of no use. | |
Mycoplasma | Droplet | 1-4 weeks | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Impetigo | Contact | 7-10 days | 24 and 48 h from the beginning of oral and topical antimicrobials, respectively |
Molluscum and other warts | Contact | 2-7 weeks | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Parainfluenza viruses | Droplet, spreads in large droplets | 3-16 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Erythema infectiosum | Droplet | 4-20 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Head lice | Direct contact | 6-9 days | Until the first treatment has been given |
RS virus (RSV, respiratory syncytial virus) | Droplet, spreads in large droplets. Also direct contact. | 4-6 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Rhinoviruses | Droplet, possibly aerosol | 1-2 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Mumps | Droplet | 12-25 days | 5 days from the beginning of symptoms |
Streptococcus A and/or scarlet fever | Contact, droplet | 2-5 days | 24 h from beginning of treatment |
Cytomegalovirus | Contact through blood, urine or saliva | About 1 month | No exclusion |
Scabies | Contact | 2-3 weeks | Until treated |
Tuberculosis | Respiratory tuberculosis is transmitted by droplet and aerosol. Latent tuberculosis is not infectious. | 2-10 weeks, sometimes several years | A child with respiratory tuberculosis should be excluded for a minimum of 2 weeks from the beginning of effective medication. Exposure tests and treatment of latent tuberculosis, as necessary, should be arranged for exposed children in specialized care. |
Measles | Droplet and aerosol | 9-14 days | At least 4 days from eruption of the rash |
Exanthema subitum | Droplet, particularly contact with saliva | 5-15 days | Exclusion will be of no use. |
Chickenpox | Droplet and direct contact | 10-21 days | Unvaccinated child: until the crusts have dried, usually 5-6 days after eruption of the rash. Vaccinated child: until new skin lesions no longer appear. |
Rubella | Droplet and direct contact | 14-21 days | 7 days after eruption of the rash |
Shingles (herpes zoster) | Contact | Covering the skin lesion usually suffices to prevent transmission. |
Primary/Secondary Keywords