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Evidence summaries

Hypnosis for Schizophrenia

There is insufficient evidence on the possible benefits of hypnosis for people with schizophrenia. The therapy as such seems acceptable for the patients. Level of evidence: "D"

A Cochrane review [Abstract] 1 included three studies with a total of 149 subjects. Studies are small, poorly reported and outdated. When hypnosis was compared with standard treatment no one left the study early between 1-8 weeks (n=70, 2 RCTs, risk difference 0.00, CI -0.09 to 0.09). Mental state scores were unaffected (n=60, 1 RCT, MD Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) by 1 week -3.6, CI -12.05 to 4.8) as were measures of movement disorders and neurocognitive function. Compared with relaxation, hypnosis was also acceptable (n=106, 3 RCTs, RR leaving the study early 2.00, CI 0.2 to 2.15) and had no discernable effect on mental state (n=60, 1 RCT, MD BPRS by 1 week -3.4, CI -11.4 to 4.6), movement disorders or neurocognitive function. Hypnosis was as acceptable as music (Sibelius) by 4 weeks (n=36, RR leaving the study early 5.0, CI 0.3 to 97.4).

Comment: The quality of evidence is downgraded by limitations in study quality, by imprecise results (few patients and wide confidence intervals) and by inconsistency (variability in results across studies).

    References

    • Izquierdo de Santiago A, Khan M. Hypnosis for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007 Oct 17;(4):CD004160. [PubMed]

Primary/Secondary Keywords