Risk of late sequela | Type of cancer treatment |
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Modified from: Skinner R, Wallace WH, Levitt GA; UK Children's Cancer Study Group Late Effects Group. Long-term follow-up of people who have survived cancer during childhood. Lancet Oncol. 2006 Jun;7(6):489-98. Alkylating agents include, for example, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and busulphan. Anthracyclines include, for example, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and idarubicin. Epipodophyllotoxins include, for example, etoposide. |
Low | - Just surgery
- No radiotherapy
- Light cytostatic therapy not including alkylating agents, anthracyclines, bleomycin or epipodophyllotoxins
|
Moderate | - Low/moderate-dose alkylating agents, anthracyclines, bleomycin or epipodophyllotoxins
- Low/moderate-dose radiotherapy
- Autologous stem cell transplantation (first-line treatment)
|
High | - High-dose alkylating agents (such as ifosfamide 60 g/m2 ), anthracyclines (300 mg/m2 ), bleomycin (400 U/m2 ) or epipodophyllotoxins (2 g/m2 )
- High-dose radiotherapy (20-30 Gy or more, depending on the field)
- Allogeneic stem cell transplantation
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