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Evidence summaries

Combined Contraceptives in Women Without Diabetes Mellitus

Hormonal contraceptives appear to have limited effect on carbohydrate metabolism in women without diabetes. Level of evidence: "B"

A Cochrane review [Abstract] 1 included 31 studies. Twenty-one trials compared combined oral contraceptives (COCs); others examined different COC regimens, progestin-only pills, injectables, a vaginal ring, and implants. None included a placebo. No study was stratified by body weight (normal-weight versus overweight women). Results for desogestrel were often favorable regarding carbohydrate metabolism but inconsistent overall. Glucose and insulin means were more favorable for norethisterone in studies of progestin-only contraceptives. For other progestins, little or no difference was noted across trials.

Comment: The quality of evidence is downgraded by study quality (inadequate allocation concealment).

References

Primary/Secondary Keywords