A Cochrane review [Abstract] 1 included 7 RCTs with a total of 667 subjects. All studies compared methotrexate with dactinomycin. Three studies compared weekly intramuscular (IM) methotrexate with bi-weekly pulsed intravenous (IV) actinomycin D (n=393), 1 study compared five-day IM methotrexate with bi-weekly pulsed IV actinomycin D (n=75), 1 study compared eight-day IM methotrexate-folinic acid (MTX-FA) with five-day IV actinomycin D (n=49), and 1 study compared eight-day IM MTX-FA with bi-weekly pulsed IV actinomycin D.Overall, dactinomycin was associated with significantly higher rates of primary cure than methotrexate (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.75; 6 trials, n=577). Methotrexate was associated with significantly more treatment failure than dactinomycin (RR 3.55, 95% CI 1.81 to 6.95; 6 trials, n= 577). The combination of methotrexate-dactinomycin resulted in significantly increased toxicity without significantly improving primary cure rate.
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