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Indications

REMS

Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

CV: tachycardia, chest pain, hypertension.

Derm: transdermal: burning at patch site, erythema, pruritus, cutaneous hypersensitivity, rash, sweating.

EENT: sinusitis.
gum: pharyngitis.
nasal spray: nasopharyngeal irritation, sneezing, watering eyes, change in smell, earache, epistaxis, eye irritation, hoarseness.

Endo: dysmenorrhea.

GI: abdominal pain, abnormal taste, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia, hiccups, nausea, vomiting.
gum: belching, appetite, salivation, oral injury, sore mouth.

MS: arthralgia, back pain, myalgia.
gum: jaw muscle ache.

Neuro: paresthesia, headache, insomnia, abnormal dreams, dizziness, drowsiness, impaired concentration, nervousness, seizures, weakness.

Resp: Nasal spray: cough, dyspnea.

Interactions

Drug-Drug:

Availability

(Generic available)

Route/Dosage

US Brand Names

nicotine chewing gum: Nicorette

nicotine lozenge: Nicorette

nicotine nasal spray: Nicotrol NS

Nicotine Transdermal Patch: Habitrol, Nicoderm CQ

Action

Therapeutic Effects:

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification:

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Gum, lozenge: Slowly absorbed from buccal mucosa during chewing/sucking. Nasal spray: 53% absorbed from nasal mucosa. Transdermal: 70% of nicotine released from the system is absorbed through the skin.

Distribution: Enter breast milk.

Metabolism/Excretion: Mostly metabolized by the liver. Small amounts are metabolized by kidneys and lungs; 10–20% excreted unchanged by kidneys.

Half-life: 1–2 hr.

Time/Action Profile

(plasma concentrations)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
Gumrapid15–30 minunknown
Lozengeunknownunknownunknown
Nasal sprayrapid4–15 minunknown
Transdermalrapid2–4 hrunknown

Patient/Family Teaching

Pronunciation

NIK-o-teen