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Indications

Complementary/Alternative Medicine: This monograph describes a natural or herbal product that is not subject to FDA guidelines for medicines. Patients and clinicians are advised to read package labels carefully to ensure safe and efficacious use.

REMS

Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

Derm: allergic skin reactions, pellagroid dermopathy, yellow discoloration of skin.

EENT: Pupil dilation, red eyes, visual accommodation disorders.

GI: gastrointestinal complaints, HEPATOTOXICITY.

Hemat: lymphocytes, decreased platelets.

Metab: weight loss (long term, high dose).

Neuro: ataxia , dizziness, drowsiness, extrapyramidal effects, headache, muscle weakness, sensory disturbances.

Interactions

Natural-Drug Products:

Natural-Natural Products:

Availability

(Generic available)

Route/Dosage

US Brand Names

Ava pepper, intoxicating pepper, kao, kew, tonga, wurzelstock, yagona

Action

Therapeutic Effects:

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification: antianxiety agents, sedative/hypnotics

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Peak plasma level occurs about 1.8 hr after an oral dose.

Distribution: Enters breast milk.

Metabolism/Excretion: Elimination occurs primarily by renal excretion (both unchanged and metabolites) and in the feces. Metabolized by the liver (reduction or demethylation).

Half-life: Approximately 9 hr.

Time/Action Profile

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
PO1.8 hrunknown8 hr

Patient/Family Teaching

Pronunciation

KA-va KA-va