carbinoxamine

REMS

Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.
Vasomotor rhinitis.
Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods.
Mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.
Dermatographism.
Anaphylaxis (as adjunct to epinephrine after acute manifestations controlled).
Allergic reactions to blood or plasma.

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Hypersensitivity, including sulfite allergy;
Lactation: Lactation;
Concurrent use of MAO inhibitors;
Pedi: Children <2 yr (↑ risk of death).

Use Cautiously in:

Increased intraocular pressure or narrow angle glaucoma;
Hyperthyroidism;
Cardiovascular disease including hypertension;
Stenosing peptic ulcer or pyloroduodenal obstruction;
Symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy or bladder neck obstruction;
OB: Safety not established in pregnancy;
Pedi: Younger children may be more sensitive to sedation or excitation;
Geri: Older adults may be more susceptible to adverse reactions.

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

GI: epigastric distress

Neuro: disturbed coordination, dizziness, drowsiness, sedation

Resp: thickened bronchial secretions

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Concurrent use with MAO inhibitors may ↑ anticholinergic effects.
↑risk of CNS depression with other CNS depressants including alcohol, other antihistamines , opioid analgesics and sedative/hypnotics.

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Immediate-release tablets: 4 mg; 6 mg
Immediate-release oral solution banana bubble gum flavor: 4 mg/5 mL
Extended-release oral suspension (contains metabisulfite)strawberry banana flavor: 4 mg/5 mL

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

PO (Adults and Children ≥12 yr): Immediate-release tablets or solution: 4–8 mg 3–4 times daily; Extended-release suspension: 6–16 mg every 12 hr.
PO (Children 6–11 yr): Immediate-release tablets or solution: 2–4 mg 3–4 times daily; Extended-release suspension: 6–12 mg every 12 hr.
PO (Children 4–5 yr): Immediate-release solution: 1–2 mg 3–4 times daily; Extended-release suspension: 3–8 mg every 12 hr.
PO (Children 2–3 yr): Immediate-release solution: 1–2 mg 3–4 times daily; Extended-release suspension: 3–4 mg every 12 hr.

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Action ⬆ ⬇

Antagonizes the effects of histamine at H₁–receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine. Significant CNS depressant and anticholinergic properties.

Therapeutic effects:

Decreased symptoms of histamine excess (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal/ocular pruritus, ocular tearing/redness and skin itching/urticaria).

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: allergy, cold and cough remedies

Pharmacologic Classification: antihistamines

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Well absorbed following oral administration

Distribution: Unknown

Metabolism/Excretion: Extensively metabolized by the liver, inactive metabolites excreted in urine. Negligible renal elimination of unchanged drug.

Half-Life: 17 hr

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(plasma concentrations)

ROUTE	ONSET	PEAK	DURATION
PO-IR	unknown	unknown	4 hr
PO-ER	unknown	6.7 hr	12 hr

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Instruct patient to take medication as directed
May cause dizziness and drowsiness. Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until response to medication is known
Advise patient to avoid taking alcohol or other CNS depressants concurrently with this drug, may cause overdose.
Advise patient that good oral hygiene, frequent rinsing of mouth with water, and sugarless gum or candy may minimize dry mouth. Patient should notify dentist if dry mouth persists >2 wk
Rep: Instruct females of reproductive potential to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected and avoid breastfeeding during therapy.

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Indications ⬇