sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid

Contraindicated in:

Severe renal impairment (CCr <30 mL/min);
GI obstruction/ileus/bowel perforation/toxic colitis or megacolon/gastric retention.

Use Cautiously in:

Renal impairment/concurrent medications affecting renal function (↑ risk of renal impairment);
Known risk factors for arrhythmias including prolonged QT interval, recent MI, unstable angina pectoris, HF, or cardiomyopathy;
Known/suspected inflammatory bowel disease (may cause mucosal ulcerations);
Electrolyte abnormalities (correct prior to administration);
History of seizures or concurrent use of medications that ↓ seizure threshold (may ↑ risk of seizures);
At risk for aspiration;
OB: Use during pregnancy only if potential maternal benefit justifies potential fetal risk;
Lactation: Use while breastfeeding only if potential maternal benefit justifies potential risk to infant;
Pedi: Children <9 yr (safety and effectiveness not established).

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

CV: ARRHYTHMIAS, orthostatic hypotension, syncope

F and E: dehydration, fluid/electrolyte abnormalities

GI: abdominal distention, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting

GU: RENAL IMPAIRMENT

Neuro: headache, SEIZURES

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Concurrent use of drugs affecting fluid and electrolyte status/renal function including ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, diuretics, and other laxatives may ↑ risk of dehydration, renal impairment, seizures, hypotension, and fluid/electrolyte abnormalities.
Concurrent use of medications that ↓ seizure threshold, including tricyclic antidepressants or concurrent alcohol/benzodiazepine withdrawal (may ↑ risk of seizures).
Absorption of oral medications taken within 1 hr of start may be altered.
Prior/concurrent anti-infectives may ↓ efficacy.
Concurrent use of other laxatives (may ↑ risk of mucosal ulcerations).
Concurrent of use of digoxin (electrolyte abnormalities may ↑ risk of toxicity).
Concurrent use of drugs that may induce the syndrome if inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) including antipsychotics, carbamazepine, tricyclic antidepressants, and SSRIs may ↑ risk of water retention and electrolyte abnormalities.
Magnesium in preparation chelates and prevents the absorption of chlorpromazine, digoxin, fluoroquinolones, penicillamine, and tetracycline; these should be given at least 2 hr before or 6 hr after.

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Oral solution cranberry flavor: 10 mg sodium picosulfate/3.5 g magnesium oxide/12 g anhydrous citric acid per bottle (160 mL)

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

PO (Adults and Children ≥9 yr): One bottle during evening before colonoscopy; repeat during the morning 5 hr prior to the colonoscopy.

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Clenpiq, ~~Prepopik~~

Action ⬆ ⬇

Sodium picosulfate: converted by colonic bacteria to BHPM, which directly stimulates colonic peristalsis. Magnesium oxide and anhydrous citric acid: combine to form magnesium citrate, an osmotic laxative that causes water retention within the GI tract.

Therapeutic effects:

With concurrent fluid ingestion produces watery diarrhea and colonic purging in preparation for colonoscopy.

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: laxatives

Pharmacologic Classification: osmotic laxatives, stimulant laxatives

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption.

Distribution: Action is primarily local.

Metabolism/Excretion: Action is primarily local.

Half-Life: Sodium picosulfate: 7.4 hr.

Canadian Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Pico-Salax, Purg-Odan

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(onset of watery diarrhea)

ROUTE	ONSET	PEAK	DURATION
PO	within hr	unknown	unknown

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Instruct patient to consume only clear liquids (no solid food or milk) on the day before colonoscopy and up to 2 hr before time of the colonoscopy. Reconstitute powder as directed and follow dosing regimen.
Caution patient to hydrate adequately with clear liquids before, during, and after use. Clear liquids include water, clear broth, apple juice, white cranberry juice, white grape juice, ginger ale, plain jello (not red or purple), and frozen juice bars (not purple or red). Do not eat solid foods or drink milk or alcohol during therapy.
Advise patient to notify health care professional if severe bloating, distention, or abdominal pain occurs following first bottle. Delay administration of second bottle administration until symptoms resolve.
Advise patient not to take any other laxatives during therapy.
Instruct patient to notify health care professional promptly if hives, rash, vomiting that prevents them from keeping down the additional prescribed amounts of clear liquids needed after taking medication, dizziness, urinating less than normal, or headache occur.
Advise patient to notify health care professional of all Rx or OTC medications, vitamins, or herbal products being taken and to consult with health care professional before taking other medications.
Rep: Advise females of reproductive potential to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected or if breastfeeding.

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Indications ⬇

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇