Lactobacillus
- L. acidophilus
- L. casei
- L. plantarum
- L. rhamnosus
- L. salivarius
- Others
- Gram-positive bacillus
- Microaerophilic
- Usually an endogenous infection
- Lactobacillus strains are part of the normal human vaginal, oral, and bowel flora.
- Lactobacillus strains also are found in a variety of food products.
- Changes of the hormonal environment of the vagina lead to changes of the number of lactobacilli locally, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections (these conditions may permit the overgrowth of other bacterial species).
- Endocarditis
- Neonatal meningitis
- Amnionitis
- Bacteremia (especially in neutropenic patients)
- Mediastinitis
- Culture