Disorders and Drugs Associated with Altered Serum Magnesium Levels

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Increased Levels (Hypermagnesemia)

Disorders

• Addison's disease
• Adrenalectomy
• Renal failure
• Diabetic ketoacidosis
• Dehydration
• Hypothyroidism
• Hyperparathyroidism

Drugs

• Antacids and laxatives containing magnesium
• Salicylates
• Lithium carbonate

Decreased Levels (Hypomagnesemia)

Disorders

• Hyperaldosteronism
• Hypokalemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Diabetic ketoacidosis (resolving)
• Alcoholism, cirrhosis
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Acute pancreatitis
• Gastrointestinal loss (vomiting, diarrhea, nasogastric suction, fistula)
• Malabsorption syndromes
• Malnutrition
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Toxemia of pregnancy
• High-phosphate diet

Drugs

• Thiazide diuretics
• Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)
• Calcium gluconate
• Amphotericin B
• Neomycin
• Insulin
• Aldosterone
• Ethanol

[Table Outline]

• Increased Levels (Hypermagnesemia)
• Decreased Levels (Hypomagnesemia)