General Pretest Preparation

All patients undergoing diagnostic testing have similar needs for information. Provide both verbal and written instructions in language the patient can understand (no medical jargon). Include:

• The name of the test and why it's done.
• How the test is performed and what the patient will feel during the test.
• How to prepare for the test.
• Risks associated with the test.
• Factors that will affect the test, such as not following pretest preparations, moving during the test, foods or medications that can interfere with the test, etc.
• When test results will be available and who will relay the results.
• How to schedule the appointment and where to go for the test.

Remember that patients are often anxious about medical tests and the possible results. Ask the patient fears or concerns he or she has regarding the test, including:

• Fear of pain.
• Fear of test results that indicate illness.
• Implications of the results (i.e., the next step-possible treatment plans, need for further testing, medications, etc.).
• Do not minimize the patient's concerns. Testing and the possibility of illness are extremely stressful.

At the time of the test, a qualified person will perform a focused assessment, which varies according to the test. Patients undergoing invasive testing or testing with iodinated contrast need to have a focused assessment that includes evaluation of vital signs, pertinent blood tests, medical history, and history of allergic or other reaction to contrast.

• For tests that you will perform:
• Wash your hands before entering the patient's room.
• Introduce yourself and tell the patient that you will be taking a sample and what the sample is.
• Explain what the patient will need to do, how it will feel, how it will help the current health problem, and when results will be available.
• Answer the patient's questions and proceed with the test following all safety precautions and test instructions. You do not want the patient to have to go through the procedure again due to being unprepared.
• Document that the test was performed and note any problems encountered.