30. To prevent a common adverse effect of prolonged use of phenytoin sodium (Dilantin), a client should be instructed to:
30. To prevent a common adverse effect of prolonged use of phenytoin sodium (Dilantin), a client should be instructed to:
. Obtain an annual influenza vaccination.
. Drink at least 8 to 10 glasses of water daily.
. Eat a diet low in sodium and high in potassium.
. Report gum swelling or bleeding to the physician.
Test-Taking Tip
The question asks for a common side effect. Choose the option that is different from the others—only one has the client report an adverse effect.
Content Area: Adult Health, Neurological; Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning; Cognitive Level: Application; Client Need/Subneed: Physiological Integrity/Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies/Adverse Effects/Contraindications/Interactions
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Answer 1 is incorrect because there is no increased incidence of viral infections while taking the drug. A need for an annual influenza vaccination is not related to taking this drug. Answer 2 is incorrect because the drug does not affect renal function or fluid balance. Answer 3 is incorrect because the drug does not affect electrolyte levels. Answer 4 is correct because gingival hyperplasia is a noninflammatory enlargement of the gingiva from an increase in normal cells. Good dental hygiene may reduce the swelling.