Decongestants

Drug and Dosage	Use	Action	Assessment: Side Effects
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, Sinex)—Subcu, IM 2–5 mg q10–15 min, not to exceed 5 mg; IV 40–60 mcg/min; nasal 2–3 gtt or 1–2 sprays q3–4h; ophthalmic 3 gtt/day	Shock, hypotension, decongestant, adjunct to spinal anesthesia, mydriatic	Constricts blood vessels by stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors	Dizziness, restlessness, dyspnea, tachycardia, arrhythmias; ophthalmological: burning, photophobia, tearing
NURSING IMPLICATIONS: Check for correct concentration; protect eyes from light sensitivity ; blow nose before using; rebound congestion will occur with prolonged use
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)—PO 60 mg q4–6h	Nasal congestion, allergies, chronic ear infections	Produces vasoconstriction in respiratory tract and possibly bronchodilation	Nervousness, anxiety, palpitations, anorexia
NURSING IMPLICATIONS: Give at least 2 hr before bedtime to minimize insomnia