43. The incidence of tuberculosis in the older adult is significantly increased among individuals who:
43. The incidence of tuberculosis in the older adult is significantly increased among individuals who:
. Are physically inactive.
. Are cigarette smokers.
. Have received the bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine.
. Reside in institutions.
Test-Taking Tip
Think about how tuberculosis is spread—airborne from person to person.
Content Area: Geriatrics, Infectious Disease; Integrated Process: Nursing Process, Analysis; Cognitive Level: Comprehension; Client Need/Subneed: Safe and Effective Care Environment/Safety and Infection Control/Standard/Transmission-based/Other Precautions
.
Answer 1 is incorrect because inactivity does not increase susceptibility. The client needs to be in close contact with someone who has the disease. Answer 2 is incorrect because smoking does not increase susceptibility, but the potential for lung damage may be greater. Answer 3 is incorrect because recipients of BCG should be less likely to contract the infection. Answer 4 is correct because the spread of the infection increases in crowded, close living conditions since TB is spread from person to person by airborne transmission—droplets from talking, coughing, sneezing, laughing, or singing.