Health Promotion and Maintenance
11. A child with type 1 diabetes is receiving insulin based on carbohydrate intake. The child's insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio is 15:1. Of the items listed on the child's lunch menu shown below, the child ate 2 slices of bread, a slice of cheese, a glass of milk, a cup of soup, and half of a banana. How many units of insulin should the nurse administer based on the client's carbohydrate count? Round to the nearest whole number.
| Food Item | Carbohydrates |
|---|
| Banana | 22 g |
| Glass of low-fat milk | 10 g |
| Bread slice | 15 g |
| Cheese slice | Free |
| Cup of soup | 10 g |
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Test-Taking Tip
When utilizing carbohydrate counts, be sure to account for partial ingestion of foods as well as extra servings of food items.
Content Area: Child Health, Endocrine; Integrated Process: Nursing Process, Analysis; Cognitive Level: Analysis; Client Need/Subneed: Physiological Integrity/Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies/Medication Administration
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Health Promotion and Maintenance
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To solve this calculation, first add up the total amount of carbohydrates consumed by using the menu as a reference. The total carbohydrates consumed are 61. Next, divide the 61 total carbohydrates by 15 to arrive at 4.06. Rounded to the nearest whole number, the correct response equals 4 units of insulin. Answer 1 is incorrect because 2 units is an insufficient amount of insulin. Answer 2 is incorrect because 3 units is an insufficient amount of insulin. Answer 3 is correct because 4 units of insulin would be required to metabolize 61 carbohydrates based on an insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio of 15:1. Answer 4 is incorrect because 5 units is an excessive amount of insulin.
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