| Drug and Dosage | Use | Action | Assessment: Side Effects |
|---|
| Ethambutol—PO 15–25 mg/kg | See Isoniazid | See Isoniazid | Optic neuritis (reversible with discontinuation of drug; very rare at 15 mg/kg); skin rash |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS: Use with caution with renal disease or when eye testing is not feasible; used in combination with other drug |
| isoniazid—PO, IM 5–10 mg/kg up to 300 mg | Tuberculosis | Suppresses or interferes with biosynthesis; bacteriostatic | Peripheral neuritis; hepatitis; hypersensitivity |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS: Give pyridoxine (vitamin B6) 10 mg as prophylaxis for neuritis; 50–100 mg as treatment |
| Pyrazinamide—PO 15–30 mg/kg up to 3 gm | Tuberculosis | Bactericidal | Hyperuricemia, hepatotoxicity |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS: Loss of glycemic control in those with diabetes |
| Rifampin—PO 10–20 mg/kg; IV 600 mg Rifamate combination (isoniazid with rifampin) Rifater combination (isoniazid and pyrazinamide with rifampin)—see Rifampin | Tuberculosis, meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae | Impairs RNA synthesis; bactericidal | Hepatitis, febrile reaction, purpura (rare) |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS: Orange urine color; negates effect of birth control pills |
| Streptomycin—IM 15–20 mg/kg up to 1 gm | Tuberculosis, endocarditis, tularemia | Inhibits protein synthesis; bactericidal | Eighth cranial nerve damage, nephrotoxicity |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS: Use with caution in older clients or those with renal disease |