Information
- ASSESSMENT:
- Dissociative amnesia: partial or total inability to recall the past; occurs during highly stressful events; client may have conscious desire to escape but be unable to accept escape as a solution; uses repression.
- Dissociative fugue: client not only forgets but also flees from stress.
- Dissociative identity disorder: client exhibits two or more complete personality systems, each very different from the other; alternates from one personality to the other without awareness of change (one personality may be aware of others); each personality has well-developed emotions and thought processes that are in conflict; uses repression.
- Depersonalization disorder: loss of sense of self; feeling of self-estrangement (as if in a dream); fear of going insane.
- ANALYSIS/NURSING DIAGNOSIS:
- Sudden alteration in:
- Memory (short-and long-term memory loss: cannot recall important personal events) related to repression.
- Personal and social identity (amnesia: forgets own identity; becomes another identity) related to intense anxiety, childhood trauma/abuse, threat to physical integrity, underdeveloped ego.
- Sensory/perceptual alteration of external environment related to repression and escapism.
- Confusion related to use of repression.
- Spiritual despair related to conversion of conflict into physical or mental flights.
- Altered meaningfulness (hopelessness, helplessness, powerlessness) related to lack of control over situation.
- NURSING CARE PLAN/IMPLEMENTATION:
- Remove client from immediate environment to reduce pressure.
- Alleviate symptoms using behavior modification strategies.
- Divert attention to topics other than symptoms (not remembering names, addresses, and events).
- Encourage socialization rather than isolation.
- Avoid sympathy, pity, and oversolicitous approach.
- Health teaching: teach families to avoid reinforcing dissociative behavior; teach client problem-solving, with goal of minimizing stressful aspects of environment.
- EVALUATION/OUTCOME CRITERIA: recall returns to conscious awareness; anxiety kept within manageable limits.