28. Considering the development of egocentrism, which clients are most likely to experience egocentrism? Select all that apply.
28. Considering the development of egocentrism, which clients are most likely to experience egocentrism? Select all that apply.
. The adolescent with addiction to weight loss products.
. The infant fixated on the black-and-white figures.
. The elderly client with a history of substance abuse.
. The hospitalized toddler having a tantrum.
. The adult client with depression who is finding support from others.
Test-Taking Tip
Consider the age and eliminate any answer that does not typically relate to self-focus.
Content Area: Mental Health, Growth and Development; Integrated Process: Nursing Process, Analysis; Cognitive Level: Application; Client Need/Subneed: Health Promotion and Maintenance/Developmental Stages and Transitions
. . .
Answer 1 is correct because the adolescent experiences a surge in egocentrism (e.g., self-focus on meeting own needs). The adolescent is overly concerned with the self-image and the presentation of self to others. Answer 2 is incorrect because the infant has not developed a fully formed ego (e.g., does not recognize a separation from self and the environment). Answer 3 is correct because the client who is advancing in age experiences another resurgence of egocentrism related to deficits in bodily function and performance (e.g., is slower, decreased in stamina). The elder becomes aware of declining physical and mental functioning, which can result in use/abuse of substances to cope. Answer 4 is correct because toddlerhood is when the ego is developed and focus on self and meeting own needs is first experienced. The toddler begins to interact with others and the environment and reacts in defending the ego through acting-out behaviors. Answer 5 is incorrect because the adult is coping through reaching out to others, meeting needs through the assistance and feedback from a group.