Pre-Test 1 and 2: Introduction to Special Questions Based on Official NCLEX-RN[®]
37. Which conditions would potentially contribute to decreases in cardiac output? Select all that apply.
Pre-Test 1 and 2: Introduction to Special Questions Based on Official NCLEX-RN[®]
37. Which conditions would potentially contribute to decreases in cardiac output? Select all that apply.
. Early septic shock.
. Gastrointestinal bleeding.
. Congestive heart failure.
. Use of positive end-expiratory pressure.
. Regular aerobic exercise.
. Myocardial infarction.
Test-Taking Tip
Eliminate the options that increase blood pressure and heart rate.
Content Area: Adult Health, Cardiovascular; Integrated Process: Nursing Process, Analysis; Cognitive Level: Analysis; Client Need/Subneed: Physiological Integrity/Physiological Adaptation/Pathophysiology
Pre-Test 1 and 2: Introduction to Special Questions Based on Official NCLEX-RN[®]
. . . .
Answer 1 is incorrect because in early septic shock there is actually an increase in cardiac output. Answer 2 is correct because circulating blood volume would be decreased with GI bleeding. Answer 3 is correct because the ventricles are unable to pump the blood efficiently through the heart, so that cardiac output is decreased. Answer 4 is correct because positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) increases the intrathoracic pressure; therefore, venous return and cardiac output would be decreased. Answer 5 is incorrect because aerobic exercise increases the heart rate and thus cardiac output. Answer 6 is correct because damage to the myocardium decreases the pumping effectiveness of the heart and impacts cardiac output.