EA = esophageal atresia; TEF = tracheoesophageal fistula.

(A) The esophagus ends in a blind pouch with a fistula between the distal esophagus and trachea.

(B) Esophageal atresia without fistula.

(C) Tracheoesophageal fistula without esophageal atresia.

(From Bowden, VR, Dickey, SB, & Greenberg, CS: Children and Their Families: The Continuum of Care. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1999, p 105.)