Initiation, Amplification, Propagation, and Stabilization of Hemostasis and Clot Formation

(Modified from Monroe DM, Hoffman M. What does it take to make the perfect clot? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006;26:41-48.)

This describes the complexity of the clotting process and illustrates the interaction between coagulation factors and the cell surfaces of platelets in what has been described as the cellular model of hemostasis. Four sequential and interrelated stages include initiation, amplification, propagation, and stabilization as shown. This model also combines multiple aspects of the classic waterfall/cascade model, and further explains additional aspects of hemostasis that the classic acellular model does not.