Effect of Chronic Antianginal Therapy on Perioperative Heart Rate (beats per minute) and P-R Interval (ms)
| Before Induction | After Induction | 10 min after Cardiopulmonary Bypass | | Control | | Heart rate | 72 | 71 | 87 | | P-R interval | 160 | 156 | 164 | | Calcium channel blockers | | Heart rate | 69 | 70 | 86 | | P-R interval | 168 | 169 | 175 |  -Adrenergic antagonists | | Heart rate | 59 | 65 | 78 | | P-R interval | 168 | 171 | 183 | | Nifedipine plus -adrenergic antagonists | | Heart rate | 67 | 69 | 86 | | P-R interval | 175 | 177 | 186 |
|
From Henling CE, Slogoff S, Kodali SV, et al. Heart block after coronary artery bypass effect of chronic administration of calcium-entry blockers and -blockers. Anesth Analg. 1984;63:515-520.