- Diabetes mellitus, Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, pheochromocytoma, glucagonoma, somatostatinoma
- Glucocorticoids, thiazides, phenytoin, niacin, oral contraceptives, pentamidine
- Subtotal pancreatectomy, chronic pancreatitis, hemochromatosis ("bronze diabetes"), cystic fibrosis, hemosiderosis
- Gestational diabetes, cirrhosis, Schmidt syndrome (polyglandular failure: Addison's disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, diabetes)