section name header

Pronunciation

meth-ill-FEN-i-date

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification: central nervous system stimulants

Indications

REMS


Oral, orally disintegrating tablets, and transdermal

Oral only

Action

  • Produces CNS and respiratory stimulation with weak sympathomimetic activity.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Increased attention span in ADHD.
  • Increased motor activity, mental alertness, and diminished fatigue in narcolepsy.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Slow and incomplete after oral administration; absorption of sustained or extended-release tablet (ER) is delayed and provides continuous release; well absorbed from skin. Aptensio XR, Concerta, Relexxii, Ritalin LA: provides initial rapid release followed by a second continuous release (biphasic release).

Distribution: Unknown.

Metabolism/Excretion: Mostly metabolized (80%) by the liver.

Half-Life: 2–4 hr.

Time/Action Profile

(CNS stimulation)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
POunknown1–3 hr4–6 hr
PO-ERunknown4–7 hr3–12 hr
Transdermalunknownunknown12 hr



Depends on formulation.

Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

CV: hypertension, palpitations, tachycardia, hypotension, peripheral vasculopathy, SUDDEN DEATH

Derm: contact sensitization (erythema, edema, papules, vesicles) (transdermal), erythema, loss of skin pigmentation (transdermal), rash

EENT: blurred vision, intraocular pressure, teeth grinding

GI: anorexia, constipation, cramps, diarrhea, dry mouth, metallic taste, nausea, vomiting

GU: priapism

Metab: growth suppression (especially with prolonged use), weight loss (especially with prolonged use)

MS: RHABDOMYOLYSIS

Neuro: hyperactivity, insomnia, restlessness, tremor, akathisia, behavioral disturbances, dizziness, dyskinesia, hallucinations, headache, irritability, mania, thought disorder, tics, Tourette's syndrome

Misc: fever, HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (INCLUDING ANAPHYLAXIS AND ANGIOEDEMA), physical dependence, psychological dependence, tolerance

Interactions

Drug-drug:

Drug-Natural Products:

Route/Dosage

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Narcolepsy

Availability

(Generic available)

Assessment

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation

Patient/Family Teaching

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

US Brand Names

methylphenidate (oral): Adhansia XR, Aptensio XR, Concerta, Cotempla XR-ODT, Jornay PM, Metadate CD, Methylin, Quillichew ER, Quillivant XR, Relexxii, Ritalin, Ritalin LA,

methylphenidate (transdermal): Daytrana

Canadian Brand Names

methylphenidate (oral): Biphentin, Foquest

Contr. Subst. Schedule

Schedule II (C-II)

Pill Image

Methylphenidate_135-640.jpg

Code

NDC Code