section name header

Pronunciation ⬇

ga-ba-PEN-tin

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: analgesics, anticonvulsants, mood stabilizers

Pharmacologic Classification: gamma aminobutyric acid gaba analogues

Indications ⬆ ⬇

REMS

Unlabeled Use:

Action ⬆ ⬇

  • Mechanism of action is not known. May affect transport of amino acids across and stabilize neuronal membranes.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Decreased incidence of seizures.
  • Decreased postherpetic pain.
  • Decreased leg restlessness.

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Well absorbed after oral administration by active transport. At larger doses, transport becomes saturated and absorption ↓ (bioavailability ranges from 60% for a 300-mg dose to 35% for a 1600-mg dose).

Distribution: Crosses blood-brain barrier; enters breast milk.

Metabolism/Excretion: Eliminated mostly by renal excretion of unchanged drug.

Half-Life: Adults: 5–7 hr (normal renal function); up to 132 hr in anuria; Children: 4.7 hr.

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(blood levels)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
PO-IRrapid2–4 hr8 hr
PO-SRunknown5–8 hr24 hr



Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

Derm: bullous pemphigoid, STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME

EENT: abnormal vision, nystagmus

GI: anorexia, flatulence, gingivitis

Metab: weight gain

MS: ↑creatine kinase, arthralgia, RHABDOMYOLYSIS

Neuro: ataxia, confusion, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, altered reflexes, anxiety, concentration difficulties (children), emotional lability (children), hostility, hyperkinesia (children), malaise, paresthesia, sedation, SUICIDAL THOUGHTS, vertigo, weakness

Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (INCLUDING ANAPHYLAXIS OR ANGIOEDEMA)

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Drug-Natural Products:

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Partial Seizures

Renal Impairment

Postherpetic Neuralgia

Renal Impairment

Restless Legs Syndrome

Renal Impairment

Neuropathic Pain (unlabeled use)

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Assessment ⬆ ⬇

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation ⬆ ⬇

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ⬆ ⬇

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Gralise, Horizant, Neurontin

Contr. Subst. Schedule ⬆ ⬇

Schedule V (C-V)only schedule V in some states

Pill Image

gabapentin_195-9177.jpg

Code ⬆

NDC Code