section name header

Pronunciation ⬇

dil-TYE-a-zem

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: antianginals, antiarrhythmics (class IV), antihypertensives

Pharmacologic Classification: calcium channel blockers

Indications ⬆ ⬇

REMS

Action ⬆ ⬇

  • Inhibits transport of calcium into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in inhibition of excitation-contraction coupling and subsequent contraction.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Systemic vasodilation resulting in decreased BP.
  • Coronary vasodilation resulting in decreased frequency and severity of attacks of angina.
  • Reduction of ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation or flutter.

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Well absorbed, but rapidly metabolized after oral administration.

Distribution: Unknown.

Protein Binding: 70–80%.

Metabolism/Excretion: Primarily metabolized by the liver via the CYP3A4 isoenzyme. Excreted in the urine and feces.

Half-Life: 3.5–9 hr.

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
PO30 min2–3 hr6–8 hr
PO–CD, LA, XTunknown14 days‡up to 24 hr
IV2–5 min2–4 hrunknown



‡Maximum antihypertensive effect with chronic therapy.

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

CV: peripheral edema, ARRHYTHMIA, bradycardia, chest pain, HF, hypotension, palpitations, syncope, tachycardia

Derm: dermatitis, erythema multiforme, flushing, photosensitivity, pruritus/urticaria, rash, STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (SJS), sweating

EENT: blurred vision, disturbed equilibrium, epistaxis, tinnitus

Endo: gynecomastia, hyperglycemia

GI: ↑liver enzymes, anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting

GU: dysuria, nocturia, polyuria, sexual dysfunction, urinary frequency

Hemat: anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

Metab: weight gain

MS: joint stiffness, muscle cramps

Neuro: abnormal dreams, anxiety, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, dysgeusia, headache, nervousness, paresthesia, psychiatric disturbances, tremor, weakness

Resp: cough, dyspnea

Misc: gingival hyperplasia

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Assessment ⬆ ⬇

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation ⬆ ⬇

IV Administration:

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ⬆ ⬇

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA, Cartia XT, Matzim LA, Taztia XT, Tiadylt ER, Tiazac

Canadian Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Tiazac XC

Code ⬆

NDC Code