section name header

Pronunciation

te-NOE-fo-veer dye-soe-PROX-il FUE-ma-rate

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification: antiretrovirals

Pharmacologic Classification: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Indications

REMS


Action

  • Active drug (tenofovir) is phosphorylated intracellularly; tenofovir diphosphate inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Slowed progression of HIV infection and decreased occurrence of sequelae.
  • Increased CD4 cell count and decreased viral load.
  • Decreased progression/sequelae of chronic hepatitis B infection.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a prodrug, which is split into tenofovir, the active component. Absorption enhanced by food.

Distribution: Minimally distributed to extravascular tissues.

Metabolism/Excretion: 70–80% excreted unchanged in urine by glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion.

Half-Life: Unknown.

Time/Action Profile

(blood levels)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
POunknown2 hr*24 hr



*When taken with food.

Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

Derm: rash

F and E: hypophosphatemia

GI: diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, anorexia, flatulence, LACTIC ACIDOSIS/HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS, vomiting

GU: ACUTE RENAL FAILURE/FANCONI SYNDROME, proximal renal tubulopathy, renal impairment

MS: bone mineral density, bone pain, muscle pain, osteomalacia

Neuro: depression, headache, weakness

Misc: immune reconstitution syndrome

Interactions

Drug-drug:

Route/Dosage

Renal Impairment

Availability

(Generic available)

Assessment

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation

Patient/Family Teaching

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

US Brand Names

Viread